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2021 ; 1
(1
): 16
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Revisiting international human rights treaties: comparing Asian and Western
efforts to improve human rights
#MMPMID34693302
Ahdanisa DS
; Rothman SB
SN Soc Sci
2021[]; 1
(1
): 16
PMID34693302
show ga
This paper presents a review of existing literature to understand the effects and
effectiveness of human rights treaties in the Asia Pacific region, particularly
in Southeast Asian countries, in contrast to Western nations. The review argues
that factors at the international/treaty level and factors at the domestic state
level increase the difficulty of implementing effective international treaties on
human rights. At the international level, the treaties and organizations to which
states belong suffer some weakness as discussed in international relations
theories, while seven factors are particularly important for promoting
effectiveness of international human rights treaties at the domestic level:
political capacity, economic development, national human rights institutes,
regional human rights courts, regional intergovernmental organizations, strength
of civil society, and political stability. Although the number of international
human rights agreements signed and ratified by Asia Pacific states is increasing
following the trends of Western states, less research focuses on the
implementation and effects of these institutions. Asia Pacific nations face
vastly different conditions than Western nations, such as more complicated
security environments, larger cultural and religious differences, and less
development and democratic values in some cases. Due to these differences, it is
important to consider other potential variables that influence efficacy of treaty
instruments for non-Western nations. What are the differences between
implementation of human rights treaties in Western and Asian nations? How do they
affect the efficacy of international agreements on individual human rights?