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2021 ; 78
(4
): 1655-1688
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Understanding COVID-19 via comparative analysis of dark proteomes of SARS-CoV-2,
human SARS and bat SARS-like coronaviruses
#MMPMID32712910
Giri R
; Bhardwaj T
; Shegane M
; Gehi BR
; Kumar P
; Gadhave K
; Oldfield CJ
; Uversky VN
Cell Mol Life Sci
2021[Feb]; 78
(4
): 1655-1688
PMID32712910
show ga
The recently emerged coronavirus designated as SARS-CoV-2 (also known as 2019
novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or Wuhan coronavirus) is a causative agent of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is rapidly spreading throughout the
world now. More than 1.21 million cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection and more than
67,000 COVID-19-associated mortalities have been reported worldwide till the
writing of this article, and these numbers are increasing every passing hour. The
World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the SARS-CoV-2 spread as a global
public health emergency and admitted COVID-19 as a pandemic now. Multiple
sequence alignment data correlated with the already published reports on
SARS-CoV-2 evolution indicated that this virus is closely related to the bat
severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronavirus (bat SARS-like CoV) and the
well-studied human SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The disordered regions in viral
proteins are associated with the viral infectivity and pathogenicity. Therefore,
in this study, we have exploited a set of complementary computational approaches
to examine the dark proteomes of SARS-CoV-2, bat SARS-like, and human SARS CoVs
by analysing the prevalence of intrinsic disorder in their proteins. According to
our findings, SARS-CoV-2 proteome contains very significant levels of structural
order. In fact, except for nucleocapsid, Nsp8, and ORF6, the vast majority of
SARS-CoV-2 proteins are mostly ordered proteins containing less intrinsically
disordered protein regions (IDPRs). However, IDPRs found in SARS-CoV-2 proteins
are functionally important. For example, cleavage sites in its replicase 1ab
polyprotein are found to be highly disordered, and almost all SARS-CoV-2 proteins
contains molecular recognition features (MoRFs), which are intrinsic
disorder-based protein-protein interaction sites that are commonly utilized by
proteins for interaction with specific partners. The results of our extensive
investigation of the dark side of SARS-CoV-2 proteome will have important
implications in understanding the structural and non-structural biology of SARS
or SARS-like coronaviruses.