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2021 ; 134
(1
): e6-e14
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
The Relationship Between Diabetes Mellitus and COVID-19 Prognosis: A
Retrospective Cohort Study in Wuhan, China
#MMPMID32653423
Shang J
; Wang Q
; Zhang H
; Wang X
; Wan J
; Yan Y
; Gao Y
; Cheng J
; Li Z
; Lin J
Am J Med
2021[Jan]; 134
(1
): e6-e14
PMID32653423
show ga
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease
that first appeared in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread throughout the world. We
aimed to understand the relationship between diabetes mellitus and the prognosis
of COVID-19. METHODS: Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiologic, treatments,
complications, and clinical outcomes data were extracted from electronic medical
records and compared between diabetes (n = 84) and nondiabetes (n = 500) groups.
Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox analysis were applied to determine the
risk factors for the prognosis of COVID-19. RESULTS: Compared with nondiabetic
patients, diabetic patients had higher levels of neutrophils (P = .014),
C-reactive protein (P = .008), procalcitonin (P < .01), and D-dimer (P = .033),
and lower levels of lymphocytes (P = .032) and albumin (P = .035). Furthermore,
diabetic patients had a significantly higher incidence of bilateral pneumonia
(86.9%, P = .020). In terms of complications and clinical outcomes, the incidence
of respiratory failure (36.9% vs 24.2%, P = .022), acute cardiac injury (47.4% vs
21.2%, P < .01), and death (20.2% vs 8.0%, P = .001) in the diabetes group was
significantly higher than that in the nondiabetes group. Kaplan-Meier survival
curve showed that COVID-19 patients with diabetes had a shorter overall survival
time. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that diabetes (hazard ratio 2.180,
P = .031) was an independent risk factor for COVID-19 prognosis. In subgroup
analysis, we divided diabetic patients into insulin-required and
non-insulin-required groups according to whether they needed insulin, and found
that diabetic patients requiring insulin may have a higher risk of disease
progression and worse prognosis after the infection of severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes is an independent risk factor for
the prognosis of COVID-19. More attention should be paid to the prevention and
treatment for diabetic patients, especially those who require insulin therapy.