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Molecular targets for COVID-19 drug development: Enlightening Nigerians about the
pandemic and future treatment
#MMPMID32838282
Muhammed Y
Biosaf Health
2020[Dec]; 2
(4
): 210-216
PMID32838282
show ga
There is little or no research initiated on enlightening Nigerians about the
pathogenesis, targets for drug development and repositioning for severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection causing symptoms like dry cough, sore
throat, nasal congestion, tiredness, fever, loss of taste, and smell etc. The
disease was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The infection is
caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is the third introduction of a highly pathogenic
coronavirus into the human population. Coronaviruses are viruses with a positive
RNA envelope assigned to ?, ?, ?, and ? genera. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 belongs to
the ? genus. The four structural proteins of ? coronavirus are membrane (M),
envelope (E), spike (S), and nucleocapsid (N) protein, mediation of coronavirus
host infection is established by spike (S) protein. Therefore, the search for
drug development targets and repositioning of existing therapeutics is essential
for fighting the present pandemic. It was reviewed that therapeutics targeting
SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 receptor, viral RNA synthesis and replication, 3CLpro,
RdRp, and helicase will play a crucial role in the development of treatment for
SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, the RdRp and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are
the most promising targets for drug development and repositioning and vaccine
development. Remdesivir combination with chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine are
promising drug repositioning for the treatment of COVID-19, and mRNA-1273
targeting spike protein is the promising vaccine. However, as patient management
and drug repositioning are taking place, it is imperative to identify other
promising targets used by SARS-CoV-2 to establish infection, to develop novel
therapeutics.
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