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Carbon emissions reductions in last mile and grocery deliveries utilizing air and
ground autonomous vehicles
#MMPMID32834736
Figliozzi MA
Transp Res D Transp Environ
2020[Aug]; 85
(?): 102443
PMID32834736
show ga
The rapid growth of e-commerce and package deliveries across the globe is
demanding new solutions to meet customers' desire for more and faster deliveries.
New driverless air and ground vehicles are being launched and tested to deliver
products or services in the areas of retail, groceries, and healthcare. This
research focuses on the efficiency of autonomous (driverless) air and ground
delivery vehicles in terms of vehicle-miles, energy consumption, and CO(2)
emissions. Three types of autonomous vehicle are analyzed: drones or unmanned
aerial vehicles (UAVs), sidewalk autonomous delivery robots (SADRs), and road
autonomous delivery robots (RADRs). The CO(2) emissions of these autonomous
vehicles are compared against emissions from an electric van (e-van), a
conventional internal combustion engine van, and driving to a store utilizing
electric and conventional vehicles. The impacts of vehicle capacity, range, and
time constraints are analyzed as well as the impacts of number of deliveries,
service time, area of service, and depot-service area distance. Novel results are
found regarding the efficiency of each vehicle type and tradeoffs between driving
to a store and store delivery as a function of order size and type of vehicle
driven by consumers.
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