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Pandemic COVID-19: Current status and challenges of antiviral therapies
#MMPMID32837984
Chan W
; He B
; Wang X
; He ML
Genes Dis
2020[Dec]; 7
(4
): 502-519
PMID32837984
show ga
The pandemic COVID-19, caused by a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection, has
infected over 12 million individuals and caused more than 55,200 death worldwide.
Currently, there is no specific drug to treating this disease. Here we summarized
the mechanisms of antiviral therapies and the clinic findings from different
countries. Antiviral chemotherapies have been conducted by in multiple cohorts in
different counties. Although FDA has fast approved remdesivir for treating
COVID-19, it only speeds up recovery from COVID-19 with mildly reduced mortality.
The chloroquine was suggested a potential drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection due
to its in vitro antiviral effects, it is imperative high-quality data from
worldwide clinical trials are necessitated for an approved therapy. In terms of
hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy, although WHO has stopped all the clinic trials
due to its strong side-effects in COVID patients, large scale clinical trials
with a long-term outcome follow-up may warrant HCQ and azithromycin combination
in combating the virus. Convalescent plasma (CP) therapy suggested its safety use
in SARS-CoV-2 infection; but both CP immunotherapy and NK cellular therapy must
be manufactured and utilized according to scrupulous ethical and controlled
conditions to guarantee a possible role of these products of human origin.
Further research should be conducted to define the exact mechanism of SARS-CoV-2
pathogenesis, suitable animal models or ex vivo human lung tissues aid in
studying replication, transmission and spread of the novel viruses, thereby
facilitating highly effective therapies.
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