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2020 ; 99
(26
): e20992
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Interventions to reduce burnout of physicians and nurses: An overview of
systematic reviews and meta-analyses
#MMPMID32590814
Zhang XJ
; Song Y
; Jiang T
; Ding N
; Shi TY
Medicine (Baltimore)
2020[Jun]; 99
(26
): e20992
PMID32590814
show ga
OBJECTIVE: Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the interventions to
reduce burnout of physicians and nurses have been published nowadays. This study
aimed to summarize the evidence and clarify a bundled strategy to reduce burnout
of physicians and nurses. METHODS: Researches have been conducted within Cochrane
Library, PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, EBSCO, and CINAHL published from inception to
2019. In addition, a manual search for relevant articles was also conducted using
Google Scholar and ancestral searches through the reference lists from articles
included in the final review. Two reviewers independently selected and assessed,
and any disagreements were resolved through a larger team discussion. A data
extraction spreadsheet was developed and initially piloted in 3 randomly selected
studies. Data from each study were extracted independently using a
pre-standardized data abstraction form. The the Risk of Bias in Systematic
reviews and assessment of multiple systematic reviews (AMSTAR) 2 tool were used
to evaluate risk of bias and quality of included articles. RESULTS: A total of 22
studies published from 2014 to 2019 were eligible for analysis. Previous studies
have examined burnout among physicians (n?=?9), nurses (n?=?6) and healthcare
providers (n?=?7). The MBI was used by majority of studies to assess burnout. The
included studies evaluated a wide range of interventions, individual-focused
(emotion regulation, self-care workshop, yoga, massage, mindfulness, meditation,
stress management skills and communication skills training), structural or
organizational (workload or schedule-rotation, stress management training
program, group face-to-face delivery, teamwork/transitions, Balint training,
debriefing sessions and a focus group) and combine interventions (snoezelen,
stress management and resiliency training, stress management workshop and
improving interaction with colleagues through personal training). Based on the
Risk of Bias in Systematic reviews and AMSTAR 2 criteria, the risk of bias and
methodological quality included studies was from moderate to high. CONCLUSIONS:
Burnout is a complicated problem and should be dealt with by using bundled
strategy. The existing overview clarified evidence to reduce burnout of
physicians and nurses, which provided a basis for health policy makers or
clinical managers to design simple and feasible strategies to reduce the burnout
of physicians and nurses, and to ensure clinical safety.