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Airport risk of importation and exportation of the COVID-19 pandemic
#MMPMID32834679
Nakamura H
; Managi S
Transp Policy (Oxf)
2020[Sep]; 96
(?): 40-47
PMID32834679
show ga
On March 11, 2020, the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO)
characterized the spread of the coronavirus disease, COVID-19, as a pandemic on
the basis of "alarming levels of spread and severity, and by the alarming levels
of inaction." Hence, it is urgent and imperative to evaluate the risk of COVID-19
for as many global locations as possible. This study calculates the relative risk
of the importation and exportation of the COVID-19 virus. The study's most
important contribution is the calculation of the overall relative risk of the
importation and exportation of COVID-19 from every airport in local
municipalities around the world, based on global spatial and mapping information.
Three scenarios of air travel restriction are considered, and the change in the
risk of importation and exportation of COVID-19 is calculated. The relative risk
of importation and exportation of COVID-19 clearly shows that not only China,
Europe, Middle East, and East Asia, but also the U.S., Australia, and countries
in northeast Asia and Latin America are subject to risk. Further, a larger
reduction in air travel through airports in a large part of the cumulative
incidence area would lead to a gradual decrease in the risk flow. Importantly,
the exportation risk of the disease from some airports in China, Iran, and
European countries has a higher global spread than the importation risk during
the pandemic stage. Therefore, every airport, or government with airports in
their jurisdiction, should implement strict countermeasures. It is also
indispensable for these countries to undertake countermeasures for COVID-19, such
as home quarantine within each country and restricting infected or suspected
individuals from flying on airplanes.
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