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2020 ; 39
(ä): 101044
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Diabetes, infection risk and COVID-19
#MMPMID32585364
Erener S
Mol Metab
2020[Sep]; 39
(ä): 101044
PMID32585364
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BACKGROUND: Individuals with diabetes are at a greater risk of hospitalization
and mortality resulting from viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. The
coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread quickly to more than 213 countries and
claimed 395,779 lives as of June 7, 2020. Notably, in several studies, diabetes
is one of the most reported comorbidities in patients with severe COVID-19. SCOPE
OF REVIEW: In this review, I summarize the clinical data on the risk for
infectious diseases in individuals with diabetes while highlighting the
mechanisms for altered immune regulation. The focus is on coronaviruses. Based on
the new clinical data obtained from COVID-19 patients, a discussion of
mechanisms, such as cytokine storm, pulmonary and endothelial dysfunction, and
hypercoagulation, that may render individuals with diabetes more vulnerable to
COVID-19 is provided. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological studies show that poorly
controlled diabetes is a risk factor for various infectious diseases. Given the
global burden of diabetes and the pandemic nature of coronaviruses, understanding
how diabetes affects COVID-19 severity is critical to designing tailored
treatments and clinical management of individuals affected by diabetes.
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