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10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110012 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110012 C7303042!7303042 !32590324     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\32590324 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Med+Hypotheses 2020 ; 144 (ä): 110012 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=32590324 |t=2020. Targeting adenosinergic pathway and adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19: A hypothesis |pdf=|usr=}}{{32590324 }} gab.com Text Targeting adenosinergic pathway and adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19: A hypothesis JO: Med Hypotheses http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32590324 #FOAvip The most serious health issue today is the rapid outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). More than 6,973,427 confirmed cases were diagnosed in nearly 213 countries and territories around the world and two international conveyances, causing globally over 400,000 deaths. Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients have been identified, but the factors influencing the immune system against COVID-19 have not been well established. Upon infection or cell damage, high amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are released from damaged cells, which serve as mediators of inflammation through purinergic cell surface receptor signaling. As a protective mechanism to prevent excessive damage to host tissue, adenosine counteracts ATP's effects by adenosine receptor stimulation to suppress the pro-inflammatory response. Adenosine is seen as a major obstacle to the efficacy of immune therapies, and the adenosinergic axis components are critical therapeutic targets for cancer and microbial infections. Pharmacologic inhibitors or antibodies specific to adenosinergic pathway components or adenosine receptors in microbial and tumor therapy have shown efficacy in pre-clinical studies and are entering the clinical arena. In this review, we provide a novel hypothesis explaining the potential for improving the efficiency of innate and adaptive immune systems by targeting adenosinergic pathway components and adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19. Twit Text FOAVip Targeting adenosinergic pathway and adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19: A hypothesis ????Med Hypotheses http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32590324 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32590324 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|32590324 }}</ref> Targeting adenosinergic pathway and adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19: A hypothesis #MMPMID32590324 Abouelkhair MA Med Hypotheses 2020[Nov]; 144 (ä): 110012 PMID32590324 show ga The most serious health issue today is the rapid outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). More than 6,973,427 confirmed cases were diagnosed in nearly 213 countries and territories around the world and two international conveyances, causing globally over 400,000 deaths. Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients have been identified, but the factors influencing the immune system against COVID-19 have not been well established. Upon infection or cell damage, high amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are released from damaged cells, which serve as mediators of inflammation through purinergic cell surface receptor signaling. As a protective mechanism to prevent excessive damage to host tissue, adenosine counteracts ATP's effects by adenosine receptor stimulation to suppress the pro-inflammatory response. Adenosine is seen as a major obstacle to the efficacy of immune therapies, and the adenosinergic axis components are critical therapeutic targets for cancer and microbial infections. Pharmacologic inhibitors or antibodies specific to adenosinergic pathway components or adenosine receptors in microbial and tumor therapy have shown efficacy in pre-clinical studies and are entering the clinical arena. In this review, we provide a novel hypothesis explaining the potential for improving the efficiency of innate and adaptive immune systems by targeting adenosinergic pathway components and adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling for the treatment of COVID-19. |*COVID-19 Drug Treatment [MESH] |*Pandemics [MESH] |5'-Nucleotidase/metabolism [MESH] |Adaptive Immunity/drug effects [MESH] |Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology/*therapeutic use [MESH] |Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism [MESH] |Apyrase/metabolism [MESH] |COVID-19/epidemiology/immunology/metabolism [MESH] |GPI-Linked Proteins/metabolism [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Immunity, Innate/drug effects [MESH] |Interferon-beta/physiology [MESH] |Models, Immunological [MESH] |Molecular Targeted Therapy [MESH] |Receptor, Adenosine A2A/*physiology [MESH] |SARS-CoV-2/immunology [MESH] |Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/immunology [MESH] |Signal Transduction/drug effects [MESH]Targeting adenosinergic pathway and adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing