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2020 ; 396
(10247
): 313-319
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Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Geneva, Switzerland
(SEROCoV-POP): a population-based study
#MMPMID32534626
Stringhini S
; Wisniak A
; Piumatti G
; Azman AS
; Lauer SA
; Baysson H
; De Ridder D
; Petrovic D
; Schrempft S
; Marcus K
; Yerly S
; Arm Vernez I
; Keiser O
; Hurst S
; Posfay-Barbe KM
; Trono D
; Pittet D
; Gétaz L
; Chappuis F
; Eckerle I
; Vuilleumier N
; Meyer B
; Flahault A
; Kaiser L
; Guessous I
Lancet
2020[Aug]; 396
(10247
): 313-319
PMID32534626
show ga
BACKGROUND: Assessing the burden of COVID-19 on the basis of medically attended
case numbers is suboptimal given its reliance on testing strategy, changing case
definitions, and disease presentation. Population-based serosurveys measuring
anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) antibodies
provide one method for estimating infection rates and monitoring the progression
of the epidemic. Here, we estimate weekly seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2
antibodies in the population of Geneva, Switzerland, during the epidemic.
METHODS: The SEROCoV-POP study is a population-based study of former participants
of the Bus Santé study and their household members. We planned a series of 12
consecutive weekly serosurveys among randomly selected participants from a
previous population-representative survey, and their household members aged 5
years and older. We tested each participant for anti-SARS-CoV-2-IgG antibodies
using a commercially available ELISA. We estimated seroprevalence using a
Bayesian logistic regression model taking into account test performance and
adjusting for the age and sex of Geneva's population. Here we present results
from the first 5 weeks of the study. FINDINGS: Between April 6 and May 9, 2020,
we enrolled 2766 participants from 1339 households, with a demographic
distribution similar to that of the canton of Geneva. In the first week, we
estimated a seroprevalence of 4·8% (95% CI 2·4-8·0, n=341). The estimate
increased to 8·5% (5·9-11·4, n=469) in the second week, to 10·9% (7·9-14·4,
n=577) in the third week, 6·6% (4·3-9·4, n=604) in the fourth week, and 10·8%
(8·2-13·9, n=775) in the fifth week. Individuals aged 5-9 years (relative risk
[RR] 0·32 [95% CI 0·11-0·63]) and those older than 65 years (RR 0·50 [0·28-0·78])
had a significantly lower risk of being seropositive than those aged 20-49 years.
After accounting for the time to seroconversion, we estimated that for every
reported confirmed case, there were 11·6 infections in the community.
INTERPRETATION: These results suggest that most of the population of Geneva
remained uninfected during this wave of the pandemic, despite the high prevalence
of COVID-19 in the region (5000 reported clinical cases over <2·5 months in the
population of half a million people). Assuming that the presence of IgG
antibodies is associated with immunity, these results highlight that the epidemic
is far from coming to an end by means of fewer susceptible people in the
population. Further, a significantly lower seroprevalence was observed for
children aged 5-9 years and adults older than 65 years, compared with those aged
10-64 years. These results will inform countries considering the easing of
restrictions aimed at curbing transmission. FUNDING: Swiss Federal Office of
Public Health, Swiss School of Public Health (Corona Immunitas research program),
Fondation de Bienfaisance du Groupe Pictet, Fondation Ancrage, Fondation Privée
des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, and Center for Emerging Viral Diseases.