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2020 ; 22
(6
): e19455
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Online Information Exchange and Anxiety Spread in the Early Stage of the Novel
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak in South Korea: Structural Topic Model and
Network Analysis
#MMPMID32463367
Jo W
; Lee J
; Park J
; Kim Y
J Med Internet Res
2020[Jun]; 22
(6
): e19455
PMID32463367
show ga
BACKGROUND: In case of a population-wide infectious disease outbreak, such as the
novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), people's online activities could
significantly affect public concerns and health behaviors due to difficulty in
accessing credible information from reliable sources, which in turn causes people
to seek necessary information on the web. Therefore, measuring and analyzing
online health communication and public sentiment is essential for establishing
effective and efficient disease control policies, especially in the early stage
of an outbreak. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the trends of online
health communication, analyze the focus of people's anxiety in the early stages
of COVID-19, and evaluate the appropriateness of online information. METHODS: We
collected 13,148 questions and 29,040 answers related to COVID-19 from Naver, the
most popular Korean web portal (January 20, 2020, to March 2, 2020). Three main
methods were used in this study: (1) the structural topic model was used to
examine the topics in the online questions; (2) word network analysis was
conducted to analyze the focus of people's anxiety and worry in the questions;
and (3) two medical doctors assessed the appropriateness of the answers to the
questions, which were primarily related to people's anxiety. RESULTS: A total of
50 topics and 6 cohesive topic communities were identified from the questions.
Among them, topic community 4 (suspecting COVID-19 infection after developing a
particular symptom) accounted for the largest portion of the questions. As the
number of confirmed patients increased, the proportion of topics belonging to
topic community 4 also increased. Additionally, the prolonged situation led to a
slight increase in the proportion of topics related to job issues. People's
anxieties and worries were closely related with physical symptoms and
self-protection methods. Although relatively appropriate to suspect physical
symptoms, a high proportion of answers related to self-protection methods were
assessed as misinformation or advertisements. CONCLUSIONS: Search activity for
online information regarding the COVID-19 outbreak has been active. Many of the
online questions were related to people's anxieties and worries. A considerable
portion of corresponding answers had false information or were advertisements.
The study results could contribute reference information to various countries
that need to monitor public anxiety and provide appropriate information in the
early stage of an infectious disease outbreak, including COVID-19. Our research
also contributes to developing methods for measuring public opinion and sentiment
in an epidemic situation based on natural language data on the internet.