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2020 ; 255
(ä): 117842
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Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and anti-viral activities: A novel
therapeutic target for COVID-19
#MMPMID32454157
Banerjee A
; Czinn SJ
; Reiter RJ
; Blanchard TG
Life Sci
2020[Aug]; 255
(ä): 117842
PMID32454157
show ga
The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by 2019-nCov/SARS-CoV-2 has become a pandemic
with an urgent need for understanding the mechanisms and identifying a treatment.
Viral infections including SARS-CoV are associated with increased levels of
reactive oxygen species, disturbances of Ca(++) caused by unfolded protein
response (UPR) mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and is due to the
exploitation of virus's own protein i.e., viroporins into the host cells. Several
clinical trials are on-going including testing Remdesivir (anti-viral),
Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine derivatives (anti-malarial drugs) etc.
Unfortunately, each drug has specific limitations. Herein, we review the viral
protein involvement to activate ER stress transducers (IRE-1, PERK, ATF-6) and
their downstream signals; and evaluate combination therapies for COVID-19
mediated ER stress alterations. Melatonin is an immunoregulator, anti-pyretic,
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and ER stress modulator during viral infections.
It enhances protective mechanisms for respiratory tract disorders.
Andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has versatile biological
activities including immunomodulation and determining SARS-CoV-2 binding site.
Considering the properties of both compounds in terms of anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant, anti-pyrogenic, anti-viral and ER stress modulation and
computational approaches revealing andrographolide docks with the SARS-CoV2
binding site, we predict that this combination therapy may have potential utility
against COVID-19.