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Cardiac complications in community-acquired pneumonia and COVID-19
#MMPMID34235421
Feldman C
Afr J Thorac Crit Care Med
2020[]; 26
(2
): ? PMID34235421
show ga
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a global health problem with
significant morbidity and mortality. Much recent published literature about the
infection has indicated that a substantial number of patients with CAP,
particularly those ill enough to be admitted to hospital, will suffer a
cardiovascular event. While these may include events such as deep venous
thrombosis and stroke, most of the events involve the heart and include the
occurrence of an arrhythmia (most commonly atrial fibrillation), new onset or
worsening of heart failure and acute myocardial infarction. While such cardiac
events may occur, for example, in all-cause CAP and CAP due to influenza virus
infection, and more recently described with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a
significant amount of research work has been investigating the pathogenic
mechanisms of these cardiac events in patients with CAP due to Streptococcus
pneumoniae (pneumococcus) and, more recently, COVID-19 infections. Such research
has identified a number of mechanisms by which these microorganisms may cause
cardiovascular events. Importantly, these cardiac events appear not only to be
associated with in-hospital mortality, but they also appear to contribute to
longer-term mortality of patients with CAP, even after their discharge from
hospital. This review will focus initially on studies of cardiovascular events in
all-cause CAP and pneumococcal CAP, excluding COVID-19 infection, and then
address similar issues in the latter infection.
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