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2020 ; 732
(ä): 139330
Nephropedia Template TP
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?-Glucan extracts from the same edible shiitake mushroom Lentinus edodes produce
differential in-vitro immunomodulatory and pulmonary cytoprotective effects -
Implications for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) immunotherapies
#MMPMID32413619
Murphy EJ
; Masterson C
; Rezoagli E
; O'Toole D
; Major I
; Stack GD
; Lynch M
; Laffey JG
; Rowan NJ
Sci Total Environ
2020[Aug]; 732
(ä): 139330
PMID32413619
show ga
Coronavirus pneumonia is accompanied by rapid virus replication, where a large
number of inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine storm may lead to acute
lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. The
uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1?
and IL-6, is associated with ARDS. This constituted the first study to report on
the variability in physicochemical properties of ?-glucans extracts from the same
edible mushroom Lentinus edodes on the reduction of these pro-inflammatory
cytokines and oxidative stress. Specifically, the impact on the immunomodulatory
and cytoprotective properties of our novel in 'house' (IH-Lentinan, IHL) and a
commercial (Carbosynth-Lentinan, CL) Lentinan extract were investigated using in
vitro models of lung injury and macrophage phagocytosis. CL comprised higher
amounts of ?-glucans and correspondingly less ?-glucans. The two lentinan
extracts demonstrated varying immunomodulatory activities. Both Lentinan extracts
reduced cytokine-induced NF-?B activation in human alveolar epithelial A549
cells, with the IHL extract proving more effective at lower doses. In contrast,
in activated THP-1 derived macrophages, the CL extract more effectively
attenuated pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-?, IL-8, IL-2, IL-6, IL-22)
as well as TGF-? and IL-10. The CL extract attenuated oxidative stress-induced
early apoptosis, while the IHL extract attenuated late apoptosis. Our findings
demonstrate significant physicochemical differences between Lentinan extracts,
which produce differential in vitro immunomodulatory and pulmonary cytoprotective
effects that may also have positive relevance to candidate COVID-19 therapeutics
targeting cytokine storm.