Pathogenesis: Virus-Induced Changes in Cells
#MMPMIDC7173464
FENNER F
; BACHMANN PA
; GIBBS EPJ
; MURPHY FA
; STUDDERT MJ
; WHITE DO
Veterinary Virology
1987[]; ? (?): 117-31
PMIDC7173464
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This chapter discusses interactions of viruses with the animals that they infect.
However, virus-induced changes at the sub-cellular and molecular levels are best
studied in cultured cells; observations at this level can then be used to
interpret changes found in whole animals. Viral cytopathology is as complex as
cell biology itself; hence, it is not surprising that the subject is still
largely at the descriptive level of understanding. The analysis of viral
replication has been simplified at a biochemical level by the concept of
strategies of viral replication; there is as yet no such unifying theme as to how
DNA or RNA viruses redirect cellular metabolism and kill or transform infected
cells. The chapter discusses the various types of interactions that can occur
between virus and cell. Viruses may be categorized as cytocidal (lytic) and
noncytocidal (nonlytic). Not all infections, whether cytocidal or noncytocidal,
necessarily lead to the production of new virions. Cell changes of a profound
nature, leading to cell death in some cases and cell transformation in others,
may also occur in nonproductive (abortive) infections. Looked at from the point
of view of the cell rather than the virus, certain kinds of cells are permissive,
that is, they support complete replication of a particular virus, while others
are non-permissive, that is, replication is blocked at some point. Cytopathic
changes can occur in both productive and nonproductive infections and in
permissive and nonpermissive cells.
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