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(2
): 176-81
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Les séquelles de virose en pneumopédiatrie
#MMPMIDC7170799
Brouard J
; Vallet C
; Marie J
; Faucon C
ä-/-ä 2020[Jun]; 3
(2
): 176-81
PMIDC7170799
show ga
Community-acquired viral bronchopneumonia is frequent, particularly in children,
and can be associated with all types of respiratory viruses. Immature immunity
explains the vulnerability to respiratory pathogens during childhood. Epithelial
cells distributed throughout the airway epithelium are the target of viruses.
Epidemiological studies report a decrease in respiratory function in adults,
regardless of confounding factors, who had pneumonia before the age of 2 or even
7 years. This reduction in respiratory function is a consequence of the initial
involvement and of the accelerated physiological decline in adulthood. Studies on
the origin of bronchial dilatation have found a history of infectious pneumonia
in more than 50% of cases. Adenoviral infections in particular are involved.
Postinfectious obstructive bronchiolitis can occur even in immunocompetent
children. The initial clinical picture is often flu-like, and is subsequently
marked by a dissociation between important functional signs and a poor clinical
presentation. The long-term course is not predictable but can lead to lethal
chronic respiratory failure. Diffuse infiltrative pneumonitis is characterized by
pulmonary diffuse infiltration with inflammatory cells and fibrosis. The role of
viruses in its development has been mentioned due to the presence of cellular
inclusions evoking viral particles in the lungs of affected children. Finally,
most epidemiological studies emphasize the association between wheezing symptoms
secondary to viral infection in childhood and the subsequent risk of developing
asthma.