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2020 ; 67
(2
): 572-583
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Pathogenicity of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) strain NH and immunization of
pregnant sows with an inactivated PDCoV vaccine protects 5-day-old neonatal
piglets from virulent challenge
#MMPMID31541590
Zhang J
; Chen J
; Liu Y
; Da S
; Shi H
; Zhang X
; Liu J
; Cao L
; Zhu X
; Wang X
; Ji Z
; Feng L
Transbound Emerg Dis
2020[Mar]; 67
(2
): 572-583
PMID31541590
show ga
In this study, the pathogenicity of porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) strain NH
(passage 10, P10) was evaluated. We found that PDCoV strain NH is
enteropathogenic in 5-day-old pigs. Pathogenicity experiments provided a
challenge model for studying the protection efficiency of passive immunity. In
order to investigate the protective efficacy of passive immunity in newborn
piglets, pregnant sows were vaccinated with either a PDCoV-inactivated vaccine at
the Houhai acupoint (n = 5) or DMEM as a negative control (n = 2) using a
prime/boost strategy 20 and 40 days before delivery. PDCoV spike (S)-specific IgG
and neutralizing antibody (NA) responses were detected in immunized sows and
piglets born to immunized sows. PDCoV spike (S)-specific sIgA was also detected
in the colostrum and milk of immunized sows. Five days post-farrowing, piglets
were orally challenged with PDCoV strain NH (10(5) TCID(50) /piglet). Severe
diarrhoea, high levels of viral RNA copies and substantial intestinal villus
atrophy were detected in piglets born to unimmunized sows. Only 4 of 31 piglets
(12.9%) born to immunized sows in the challenge group displayed mild to moderate
diarrhoea, lower viral RNA copies and minor intestinal villi damage compared to
piglets born to unimmunized sows post-challenge. Mock piglets exhibited no
typical clinical symptoms. The challenge experiment results indicated that the
inactivated PDCoV vaccine exhibited 87.1% protective efficacy in the piglets.
These findings suggest that the inactivated PDCoV vaccine has the potential to be
an effective vaccine, providing protection against virulent PDCoV.