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Infectious Diseases
2017[]; ? (?): 938-947.e1
PMIDC7150158
show ga
? The geography of many infections is dynamic. ? Biological characteristics of
organisms, human and animal host factors, and bioclimatic factors influence where
diseases occur. ? Diseases vary in their potential to be moved from one area to
another. Those with a fixed focal distribution often require a specific arthropod
vector or intermediate host ? or require special geoclimatic conditions. ? The
speed, volume and reach of travel and migration and trade have influenced the
geography of infectious diseases and facilitate rapid changes in distributions. ?
The burden from diseases with a global distribution varies greatly from one
population to another and is influenced by socioeconomic, demographic,
bioclimatic, environmental, host genetics and other factors. ? The urban
population growth in tropical low- and middle-income regions places large, dense
human populations with limited resources in geographic sites with high
biodiversity and risk for many infections. ? Alternative or unusual routes of
transmission (e.g. organ or tissue transplantation) can lead to appearance of
diseases outside of usual distributions.
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