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10.1164/rccm.201012-2036OC http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1164/rccm.201012-2036OC C6938174!6938174!21474645     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 229.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Am+J+Respir+Crit+Care+Med 2011 ; 184 (2): 259-68 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=21474645|t=2011. GM-CSF in the Lung Protects against Lethal Influenza Infection |pdf=|usr=}}{{21474645}} gab.com Text GM-CSF in the Lung Protects against Lethal Influenza Infection JO: Am J Respir Crit Care Med http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=21474645 #FOAvip Rationale: Alveolar macrophages contribute to host defenses against influenza in animal models. Enhancing alveolar macrophage function may contribute to protection against influenza.Objectives: To determine if increased expression of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the lung increases resistance to influenza.Methods: Wild-type mice and transgenic mice that expressed GM-CSF in the lung were infected with influenza virus, and lung pathology, weight loss, and mortality were measured. We also administered GM-CSF to the lungs of wild-type mice that were infected with influenza virus.Measurements and Main Results: Wild-type mice all died after infection with different strains of influenza virus, but all transgenic mice expressing GM-CSF in the lungs survived. The latter also had greatly reduced weight loss and lung injury, and showed histologic evidence of a rapid host inflammatory response that controlled infection. The resistance of transgenic mice to influenza was abrogated by elimination of alveolar phagocytes, but not by depletion of T cells, B cells, or neutrophils. Transgenic mice had far more alveolar macrophages than did wild-type mice, and they were more resistant to influenza-induced apoptosis. Delivery of intranasal GM-CSF to wild-type mice also conferred resistance to influenza.Conclusions: GM-CSF confers resistance to influenza by enhancing innate immune mechanisms that depend on alveolar macrophages. Pulmonary delivery of this cytokine has the potential to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to influenza virus. Twit Text FOAVip GM-CSF in the Lung Protects against Lethal Influenza Infection ????Am J Respir Crit Care Med http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=21474645 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=21474645 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|21474645}}</ref> GM-CSF in the Lung Protects against Lethal Influenza Infection #MMPMID21474645 Huang FF; Barnes PF; Feng Y; Donis R; Chroneos ZC; Idell S; Allen T; Perez DR; Whitsett JA; Dunussi-Joannopoulos K; Shams H Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011[Jul]; 184 (2): 259-68 PMID21474645show ga Rationale: Alveolar macrophages contribute to host defenses against influenza in animal models. Enhancing alveolar macrophage function may contribute to protection against influenza.Objectives: To determine if increased expression of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the lung increases resistance to influenza.Methods: Wild-type mice and transgenic mice that expressed GM-CSF in the lung were infected with influenza virus, and lung pathology, weight loss, and mortality were measured. We also administered GM-CSF to the lungs of wild-type mice that were infected with influenza virus.Measurements and Main Results: Wild-type mice all died after infection with different strains of influenza virus, but all transgenic mice expressing GM-CSF in the lungs survived. The latter also had greatly reduced weight loss and lung injury, and showed histologic evidence of a rapid host inflammatory response that controlled infection. The resistance of transgenic mice to influenza was abrogated by elimination of alveolar phagocytes, but not by depletion of T cells, B cells, or neutrophils. Transgenic mice had far more alveolar macrophages than did wild-type mice, and they were more resistant to influenza-induced apoptosis. Delivery of intranasal GM-CSF to wild-type mice also conferred resistance to influenza.Conclusions: GM-CSF confers resistance to influenza by enhancing innate immune mechanisms that depend on alveolar macrophages. Pulmonary delivery of this cytokine has the potential to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to influenza virus. äGM-CSF in the Lung Protects against Lethal Influenza Infection (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing