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2019 ; 13
(4
): 319-330
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Feasibility study for the use of self-collected nasal swabs to identify pathogens
among participants of a population-based surveillance system for acute
respiratory infections (GrippeWeb-Plus)-Germany, 2016
#MMPMID30925029
Haussig JM
; Targosz A
; Engelhart S
; Herzhoff M
; Prahm K
; Buda S
; Nitsche A
; Haas W
; Buchholz U
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
2019[Jul]; 13
(4
): 319-330
PMID30925029
show ga
BACKGROUND: Internet-based participatory surveillance systems, such as the German
GrippeWeb, monitor the frequency of acute respiratory illnesses on population
level. In order to interpret syndromic information better, we devised a
microbiological feasibility study (GrippeWeb-Plus) to test whether
self-collection of anterior nasal swabs is operationally possible, acceptable for
participants and can yield valid data. METHODS: We recruited 103 GrippeWeb
participants (73 adults and 30 children) and provided them with a kit,
instructions and a questionnaire for each sample. In the first half of 2016,
participants took an anterior nasal swab and sent it to the Robert Koch Institute
whenever an acute respiratory illness occurred. Reporting of illnesses through
the GrippeWeb platform continued as usual. We analysed swabs for the presence of
human c-myc-DNA and 22 viral and bacterial pathogens. After the study, we sent
participants an evaluation questionnaire. We analysed timeliness, completeness,
acceptability and validity. RESULTS: One hundred and two participants submitted
225 analysable swabs. Ninety per cent of swabs were taken within 3 days of
symptom onset. Eighty-nine per cent of swabs had a corresponding reported illness
in the GrippeWeb system. Ninety-nine per cent of adults and 96% of children would
be willing to participate in a self-swabbing scheme for a longer period. All
swabs contained c-myc-DNA. In 119 swabs, we identified any of 14 viruses but no
bacteria. The positivity rate of influenza was similar to that in the German
physician sentinel. CONCLUSION: Self-collection of anterior nasal swabs proofed
to be feasible, was well accepted by participants, gave valid results and was an
informative adjunct to syndromic data.