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Cyanidin Increases the Expression of Mg(2+) Transport Carriers Mediated by the
Activation of PPAR? in Colonic Epithelial MCE301 Cells
#MMPMID30884817
Takashina Y
; Manabe A
; Tabuchi Y
; Ikari A
Nutrients
2019[Mar]; 11
(3
): ? PMID30884817
show ga
Mg(2+) deficiency may be involved in lifestyle-related diseases, including
hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Dietary Mg(2+) is
absorbed in the intestine mediated through transcellular and paracellular
pathways. However, there is little research into what factors upregulate Mg(2+)
absorption. We searched for food constituents that can increase the expression
levels of Mg(2+) transport carriers using mouse colonic epithelial MCE301 cells.
Cyanidin, an anthocyanidin found in black beans and berries, increased the mRNA
levels of Mg(2+) transport carriers including transient receptor potential
melastatin 6 (TRPM6) channel and cyclin M4 (CNNM4). The cyanidin-induced
elevation of Mg(2+) transport carriers was blocked by GW6471, a peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) inhibitor, but not by PPAR?, PPAR?, and
protein kinase A inhibitors. Cyanidin-3-glucoside showed similar results to
cyanidin. Cyanidin increased the protein levels of TRPM6 and CNNM4, which were
distributed in the apical and lateral membranes, respectively. The nuclear
localization of PPAR? and reporter activities of Mg(2+) transport carriers were
increased by cyanidin, which were inhibited by GW6471. The cyanidin-induced
elevation of reporter activity was suppressed by a mutation in a PPAR-response
element. Fluorescence measurements using KMG-20, an Mg(2+) indicator, showed that
Mg(2+) influx and efflux from the cells were enhanced by cyanidin, and which were
inhibited by GW6471. Furthermore, cyanidin increased paracellular Mg(2+) flux
without affecting transepithelial electrical resistance. We suggest that cyanidin
increases intestinal Mg(2+) absorption mediated by the elevation of TRPM6 and
CNNM4 expression, and may constitute a phytochemical that can improve Mg(2+)
deficiency.
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