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2019 ; 20
(6
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Intranasal Borna Disease Virus (BoDV-1) Infection: Insights into Initial Steps
and Potential Contagiosity
#MMPMID30875911
Kupke A
; Becker S
; Wewetzer K
; Ahlemeyer B
; Eickmann M
; Herden C
Int J Mol Sci
2019[Mar]; 20
(6
): ä PMID30875911
show ga
Mammalian Bornavirus (BoDV-1) typically causes a fatal neurologic disorder in
horses and sheep, and was recently shown to cause fatal encephalitis in humans
with and without transplant reception. It has been suggested that BoDV-1 enters
the central nervous system (CNS) via the olfactory pathway. However, (I)
susceptible cell types that replicate the virus for successful spread, and (II)
the role of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), remained unclear. To address
this, we studied the intranasal infection of adult rats with BoDV-1 in vivo and
in vitro, using olfactory mucosal (OM) cell cultures and the cultures of purified
OECs. Strikingly, in vitro and in vivo, viral antigen and mRNA were present from
four days post infection (dpi) onwards in the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs),
but also in all other cell types of the OM, and constantly in the OECs. In
contrast, in vivo, BoDV-1 genomic RNA was only detectable in adult and juvenile
ORNs, nerve fibers, and in OECs from 7 dpi on. In vitro, the rate of infection of
OECs was significantly higher than that of the OM cells, pointing to a crucial
role of OECs for infection via the olfactory pathway. Thus, this study provides
important insights into the transmission of neurotropic viral infections with a
zoonotic potential.