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2018 ; 8
(1
): 11344
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Blast exposure elicits blood-brain barrier disruption and repair mediated by
tight junction integrity and nitric oxide dependent processes
#MMPMID30054495
Logsdon AF
; Meabon JS
; Cline MM
; Bullock KM
; Raskind MA
; Peskind ER
; Banks WA
; Cook DG
Sci Rep
2018[Jul]; 8
(1
): 11344
PMID30054495
show ga
Mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with blood-brain
barrier (BBB) disruption. However, the mechanisms whereby blast disrupts BBB
integrity are not well understood. To address this issue BBB permeability to
peripherally injected (14)C-sucrose and (99m)Tc-albumin was quantified in ten
brain regions at time points ranging from 0.25 to 72?hours. In mice, repetitive
(2X) blast provoked BBB permeability to (14)C-sucrose that persisted in specific
brain regions from 0.25 to 72?hours. However, (99m)Tc-albumin revealed biphasic
BBB disruption (open-closed-open) over the same interval, which was most
pronounced in frontal cortex and hippocampus. This indicates that blast initiates
interacting BBB disruption and reparative processes in specific brain regions.
Further investigation of delayed (72?hour) BBB disruption revealed that claudin-5
(CLD5) expression was disrupted specifically in the hippocampus, but not in
dorsal striatum, a brain region that showed no blast-induced BBB permeability to
sucrose or albumin. In addition, we found that delayed BBB permeability and
disrupted CLD5 expression were blocked by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor
N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). These data argue that latent nitric
oxide-dependent signaling pathways initiate processes that result in delayed BBB
disruption, which are manifested in a brain-region specific manner.