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2018 ; 4
(7
): eaat0979
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Human ?-defensin 2 kills Candida albicans through phosphatidylinositol
4,5-bisphosphate-mediated membrane permeabilization
#MMPMID30050988
Järvå M
; Phan TK
; Lay FT
; Caria S
; Kvansakul M
; Hulett MD
Sci Adv
2018[Jul]; 4
(7
): eaat0979
PMID30050988
show ga
Human defensins belong to a subfamily of the cationic antimicrobial peptides and
act as a first line of defense against invading microbes. Their often
broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antitumor activities make them attractive for
therapeutic development; however, their precise molecular mechanism(s) of action
remains to be defined. We show that human ?-defensin 2 (HBD-2) permeabilizes
Candida albicans cell membranes via a mechanism targeting the plasma membrane
lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)). We determined the structure
of HBD-2 bound to PIP(2), which revealed two distinct PIP(2)-binding sites, and
showed, using functional assays, that mutations in these sites ablate
PIP(2)-mediated fungal growth inhibition by HBD-2. Our study provides the first
insight into lipid-mediated human defensin membrane permeabilization at an atomic
level and reveals a unique mode of lipid engagement to permeabilize cell
membranes.