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10.1038/s41598-018-29391-w

http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/s41598-018-29391-w
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C6057998!6057998!30042514
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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid30042514      Sci+Rep 2018 ; 8 (ä): ä
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  • Inhibition of Tunneling Nanotube (TNT) Formation and Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Transmission by Cytarabine #MMPMID30042514
  • Omsland M; Pise-Masison C; Fujikawa D; Galli V; Fenizia C; Parks RW; Gjertsen BT; Franchini G; Andresen V
  • Sci Rep 2018[]; 8 (ä): ä PMID30042514show ga
  • The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is highly dependent on cell-to-cell interaction for transmission and productive infection. Cell-to-cell interactions through the virological synapse, biofilm-like structures and cellular conduits have been reported, but the relative contribution of each mechanism on HTLV-1 transmission still remains vastly unknown. The HTLV-1 protein p8 has been found to increase viral transmission and cellular conduits. Here we show that HTLV-1 expressing cells are interconnected by tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) defined as thin structures containing F-actin and lack of tubulin connecting two cells. TNTs connected HTLV-1 expressing cells and uninfected T-cells and monocytes and the viral proteins Tax and Gag localized to these TNTs. The HTLV-1 expressing protein p8 was found to induce TNT formation. Treatment of MT-2 cells with the nucleoside analog cytarabine (cytosine arabinoside, AraC) reduced number of TNTs and furthermore reduced TNT formation induced by the p8 protein. Intercellular transmission of HTLV-1 through TNTs provides a means of escape from recognition by the immune system. Cytarabine could represent a novel anti-HTLV-1 drug interfering with viral transmission.
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