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2018 ; 9
(52
): 29906-29920
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A mechanism-based computational model to capture the interconnections among
epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells and Notch-Jagged signaling
#MMPMID30042822
Bocci F
; Jolly MK
; George JT
; Levine H
; Onuchic JN
Oncotarget
2018[Jul]; 9
(52
): 29906-29920
PMID30042822
show ga
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSCs) formation are
two fundamental and well-studied processes contributing to cancer metastasis and
tumor relapse. Cells can undergo a partial EMT to attain a hybrid
epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype or a complete EMT to attain a mesenchymal
one. Similarly, cells can reversibly gain or lose 'stemness'. This plasticity in
cell states is modulated by signaling pathways such as Notch. However, the
interconnections among the cell states enabled by EMT, CSCs and Notch signaling
remain elusive. Here, we devise a computational model to investigate the coupling
among the core decision-making circuits for EMT, CSCs and Notch. Our model
predicts that hybrid E/M cells are most likely to associate with stem-like traits
and enhanced Notch-Jagged signaling - a pathway implicated in therapeutic
resistance. Further, we show that the position of the 'stemness window' on the
'EMT axis' is varied by altering the coupling strength between EMT and CSC
circuits, and/or modulating Notch signaling. Finally, we analyze the gene
expression profile of CSCs from several cancer types and observe a heterogeneous
distribution along the 'EMT axis', suggesting that different subsets of CSCs may
exist with varying phenotypes along the epithelial-mesenchymal axis. We further
investigate therapeutic perturbations such as treatment with metformin, a drug
associated with decreased cancer incidence and increased lifespan of patients.
Our mechanism-based model explains how metformin can both inhibit EMT and blunt
the aggressive potential of CSCs simultaneously, by driving the cells out of a
hybrid E/M stem-like state with enhanced Notch-Jagged signaling.