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Multi-type child maltreatment: prevalence and its relationship with self-esteem
among secondary school students in Tanzania
#MMPMID30041688
Mwakanyamale AA
; Wande DP
; Yizhen Y
BMC Psychol
2018[Jul]; 6
(1
): 35
PMID30041688
show ga
BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment is becoming predominantly multi-type in nature.
Studies report that multi-type child maltreatment is associated with low
self-esteem in adolescence and adulthood. There is a lack of published studies in
Tanzania regarding multi-type child maltreatment and its relationship with
self-esteem in adolescence. This study investigates the prevalence of multi-type
child maltreatment and its relationship with self-esteem among secondary school
students in Tanzania. METHODS: A cross-sectional, community-based study of
secondary school students was conducted in randomly selected secondary schools in
Tanzania. A multistage cluster sampling technique was employed to obtain the
required number of study participants. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) questionnaire were used to measure the
variables under investigation in the study. A total of 1000 participants (M: F
ratio?=?1.2:1) were studied. The mean age at presentation was 16.24?±?7.36 years.
The modal age group was 16-18 years (54.2%). RESULTS: The prevalence of
multi-type child maltreatment was 97.6%. The prevalence of physical abuse,
physical neglect, emotional neglect emotional abuse and sexual abuse was 82.1,
26.2, 51.9, 21.8 and 24.7%, respectively. Females reported a higher prevalence of
physical abuse (84.3%), physical neglect (28.0%) and sexual abuse (26.2%) than
their male counterparts. Emotional abuse (53.3%) was reported more often by
males. In terms of ACE, participants were classified as having zero (2.4%), one
(22.4%), two (20.3%), three (18.2%), four (14.7%), five (12.8%) and over five
(9.2%) types of maltreatment. With regard to multi-type child maltreatment,
emotional abuse (X(2)?=?2.925, p?=?0.001), emotional neglect (X(2)?=?2.329,
p?=?0.032), physical neglect (X(2)?=?22.508, p?
|*Emotions
[MESH]
|*Self Concept
[MESH]
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Child
[MESH]
|Child Abuse/psychology/*statistics & numerical data
[MESH]
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