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2018 ; 9
(1
): 2872
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Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion alters metabolic homeostasis by affecting
gut signaling and colonic metabolism
#MMPMID30030441
Zarrinpar A
; Chaix A
; Xu ZZ
; Chang MW
; Marotz CA
; Saghatelian A
; Knight R
; Panda S
Nat Commun
2018[Jul]; 9
(1
): 2872
PMID30030441
show ga
Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion (AIMD) has been used frequently to study
the role of the gut microbiome in pathological conditions. However, unlike
germ-free mice, the effects of AIMD on host metabolism remain incompletely
understood. Here we show the effects of AIMD to elucidate its effects on gut
homeostasis, luminal signaling, and metabolism. We demonstrate that AIMD, which
decreases luminal Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes species, decreases baseline serum
glucose levels, reduces glucose surge in a tolerance test, and improves insulin
sensitivity without altering adiposity. These changes occur in the setting of
decreased luminal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate, and the
secondary bile acid pool, which affects whole-body bile acid metabolism. In mice,
AIMD alters cecal gene expression and gut glucagon-like peptide 1 signaling.
Extensive tissue remodeling and decreased availability of SCFAs shift colonocyte
metabolism toward glucose utilization. We suggest that AIMD alters glucose
homeostasis by potentially shifting colonocyte energy utilization from SCFAs to
glucose.