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Emerging Role and Characterization of Immunometabolism: Relevance to HIV
Pathogenesis, Serious Non-AIDS Events, and a Cure
#MMPMID27207806
Palmer CS
; Henstridge DC
; Yu D
; Singh A
; Balderson B
; Duette G
; Cherry CL
; Anzinger JJ
; Ostrowski M
; Crowe SM
J Immunol
2016[Jun]; 196
(11
): 4437-44
PMID27207806
show ga
Immune cells cycle between a resting and an activated state. Their metabolism is
tightly linked to their activation status and, consequently, functions. Ag
recognition induces T lymphocyte activation and proliferation and acquisition of
effector functions that require and depend on cellular metabolic reprogramming.
Likewise, recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by monocytes and
macrophages induces changes in cellular metabolism. As obligate intracellular
parasites, viruses manipulate the metabolism of infected cells to meet their
structural and functional requirements. For example, HIV-induced changes in
immune cell metabolism and redox state are associated with CD4(+) T cell
depletion, immune activation, and inflammation. In this review, we highlight how
HIV modifies immunometabolism with potential implications for cure research and
pathogenesis of comorbidities observed in HIV-infected patients, including those
with virologic suppression. In addition, we highlight recently described key
methods that can be applied to study the metabolic dysregulation of immune cells
in disease states.
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