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10.1177/1756286418785071 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1177/1756286418785071 C6048610!6048610!30034536     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Ther+Adv+Neurol+Disord 2018 ; 11 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=30034536|t=2018. Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnosis and treatment |pdf=|usr=}}{{30034536}} gab.com Text Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnosis and treatment JO: Ther Adv Neurol Disord http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=30034536 #FOAvip Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) represents a rare inflammatory disease affecting the brain and spinal cord. Stroke, encephalopathy, headache and seizures are major clinical manifestations. The diagnosis of PACNS is based on the combination of clinical presentation, imaging findings (magnetic resonance imaging and angiography), brain biopsy, and laboratory and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) values. PACNS can either be confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)/conventional angiography or tissue biopsy showing the presence of typical histopathological patterns. Identification of PACNS mimics is often challenging in clinical practice, but crucial to avoid far-reaching treatment decisions. In view of the severity of the disease, with considerable morbidity and mortality, early recognition and treatment initiation is necessary. Due to the rareness and heterogeneity of the disease, there is a lack of randomized data on treatment strategies. Retrospective studies suggest the combined administration of cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids as induction therapy. Immunosuppressants such as azathioprine, methotrexate or mycophenolate mofetil are often applied for maintenance therapy. In addition, the beneficial effects of two biological agents (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab and tumour necrosis factor-? blocker) have been reported. Nevertheless, diagnosis and treatment is still a clinical challenge, and further insights into the immunopathogenesis of PACNS are required to improve the diagnosis and management of patients. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of diagnostics, differential diagnoses, and therapeutic approaches of adult PACNS. Twit Text FOAVip Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnosis and treatment ????Ther Adv Neurol Disord http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=30034536 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=30034536 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|30034536}}</ref> Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnosis and treatment #MMPMID30034536 Beuker C; Schmidt A; Strunk D; Sporns PB; Wiendl H; Meuth SG; Minnerup J Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2018[]; 11 (ä): ä PMID30034536show ga Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) represents a rare inflammatory disease affecting the brain and spinal cord. Stroke, encephalopathy, headache and seizures are major clinical manifestations. The diagnosis of PACNS is based on the combination of clinical presentation, imaging findings (magnetic resonance imaging and angiography), brain biopsy, and laboratory and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) values. PACNS can either be confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)/conventional angiography or tissue biopsy showing the presence of typical histopathological patterns. Identification of PACNS mimics is often challenging in clinical practice, but crucial to avoid far-reaching treatment decisions. In view of the severity of the disease, with considerable morbidity and mortality, early recognition and treatment initiation is necessary. Due to the rareness and heterogeneity of the disease, there is a lack of randomized data on treatment strategies. Retrospective studies suggest the combined administration of cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids as induction therapy. Immunosuppressants such as azathioprine, methotrexate or mycophenolate mofetil are often applied for maintenance therapy. In addition, the beneficial effects of two biological agents (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab and tumour necrosis factor-? blocker) have been reported. Nevertheless, diagnosis and treatment is still a clinical challenge, and further insights into the immunopathogenesis of PACNS are required to improve the diagnosis and management of patients. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of diagnostics, differential diagnoses, and therapeutic approaches of adult PACNS. äPrimary angiitis of the central nervous system: diagnosis and treatmen(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing