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2018 ; 8
(1
): 10622
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gab.com Text
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Hemostatic nanoparticles increase survival, mitigate neuropathology and alleviate
anxiety in a rodent blast trauma model
#MMPMID30006635
Hubbard WB
; Lashof-Sullivan M
; Greenberg S
; Norris C
; Eck J
; Lavik E
; VandeVord P
Sci Rep
2018[Jul]; 8
(1
): 10622
PMID30006635
show ga
Explosions account for 79% of combat related injuries and often lead to
polytrauma, a majority of which include blast-induced traumatic brain injuries
(bTBI). These injuries lead to internal bleeding in multiple organs and, in the
case of bTBI, long term neurological deficits. Currently, there are no treatments
for internal bleeding beyond fluid resuscitation and surgery. There is also a
dearth of treatments for TBI. We have developed a novel approach using hemostatic
nanoparticles that encapsulate an anti-inflammatory, dexamethasone, to stop the
bleeding and reduce inflammation after injury. We hypothesize that this will
improve not only survival but long term functional outcomes after blast
polytrauma. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) hemostatic nanoparticles encapsulating
dexamethasone (hDNPs) were fabricated and tested following injury along with
appropriate controls. Rats were exposed to a single blast wave using an Advanced
Blast Simulator, inducing primary blast lung and bTBI. Survival was elevated in
the hDNPs group compared to controls. Elevated anxiety parameters were found in
the controls, compared to hDNPs. Histological analysis indicated that apoptosis
and blood-brain barrier disruption in the amygdala were significantly increased
in the controls compared to the hDNPs and sham groups. Immediate intervention is
crucial to mitigate injury mechanisms that contribute to emotional deficits.
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