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2018 ; 8
(1
): 10386
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Hydrothermal chimneys host habitat-specific microbial communities: analogues for
studying the possible impact of mining seafloor massive sulfide deposits
#MMPMID29991752
Han Y
; Gonnella G
; Adam N
; Schippers A
; Burkhardt L
; Kurtz S
; Schwarz-Schampera U
; Franke H
; Perner M
Sci Rep
2018[Jul]; 8
(1
): 10386
PMID29991752
show ga
To assess the risk that mining of seafloor massive sulfides (SMS) from extinct
hydrothermal vent environments has for changing the ecosystem irreversibly, we
sampled SMS analogous habitats from the Kairei and the Pelagia vent fields along
the Indian Ridge. In total 19.8 million 16S rRNA tags from 14 different sites
were analyzed and the microbial communities were compared with each other and
with publicly available data sets from other marine environments. The chimneys
appear to provide habitats for microorganisms that are not found or only
detectable in very low numbers in other marine habitats. The chimneys also host
rare organisms and may function as a vital part of the ocean's seed bank. Many of
the reads from active and inactive chimney samples were clustered into OTUs, with
low or no resemblance to known species. Since we are unaware of the chemical
reactions catalyzed by these unknown organisms, the impact of this diversity loss
and bio-geo-coupling is hard to predict. Given that chimney structures can be
considered SMS analogues, removal of sulfide deposits from the seafloor in the
Kairei and Pelagia fields will most likely alter microbial compositions and
affect element cycling in the benthic regions and probably beyond.