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2018 ; 9
(7
): 755
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M2 macrophage-mediated interleukin-4 signalling induces myofibroblast phenotype
during the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia
#MMPMID29988032
Sheng J
; Yang Y
; Cui Y
; He S
; Wang L
; Liu L
; He Q
; Lv T
; Han W
; Yu W
; Hu S
; Jin J
Cell Death Dis
2018[Jul]; 9
(7
): 755
PMID29988032
show ga
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a progressive disease in elderly men, but
potential factors accelerating its progression remain largely unknown. The aim of
this study was to elucidate the factors affecting BPH progression by
understanding the complex mechanisms causing early- progressed BPH, which
progresses rapidly and requires surgical intervention before the age of 50. Three
groups of human prostate tissue samples, from patients with early-progressed BPH,
age-matched prostate and elderly BPH tissues, were collected (n?=?25 each). We
compared these tissues to determine the histologic features and molecular
mechanisms underlying BPH progression. We found that early-progressed BPH samples
were characterised by aberrant stromal hyper-proliferation, collagen deposition
and increased M2 macrophage infiltration, compared to those from age-matched
prostate and elderly BPH tissues. The M2 macrophage-fibroblast co-culture system
demonstrated that the myofibroblast phenotypes were strongly induced only in
fibroblasts from the early-progressed BPH samples, while the co-cultured M2
macrophages expressed high levels of pro-fibrotic cytokines, such as IL4 and
TGF?1. M2 macrophage-derived IL4, but not TGF?1, selectively induced the
myofibroblast phenotype through the JAK/STAT6, PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signalling
pathways in the early-progressed BPH prostate fibroblasts. Taken together, our
results indicate that induction of the myofibroblast phenotype may lead to BPH
progression through M2 macrophage-mediated IL4 signalling, and that IL4 may
represent a potential therapeutic target, allowing the prevention of M2
macrophage activation and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation.