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2018 ; 9
(ä): 1517
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Inhibition of Angiopoietin-2 Production by Myofibrocytes Inhibits Neointimal
Hyperplasia After Endoluminal Injury in Mice
#MMPMID30013567
Chen D
; Li K
; Tham EL
; Wei LL
; Ma N
; Dodd PC
; Luo Y
; Kirchhofer D
; McVey JH
; Dorling A
Front Immunol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 1517
PMID30013567
show ga
Fibrocytes are myeloid lineage cells implicated in wound healing, repair, and
fibrosis. We previously showed that fibrocytes are mobilized into the circulation
after vascular injury, including the immune-mediated injury that occurs after
allogeneic transplantation. A common response to inflammatory vascular injury is
intimal hyperplasia (IH), which, alongside vascular remodeling, results in
progressive loss of blood flow, downstream ischemia, and end-organ fibrosis. This
forms the pathological basis of transplant arteriosclerosis and other diseases
including post-angioplasty re-stenosis. In investigating whether fibrocytes
contribute to IH, we previously showed that subpopulations expressing smooth
muscle actin and CD31 are recruited to the site of injury and accumulate in the
neointima. Expression of tissue factor (TF) by these "CD31+ myofibrocytes" is
needed for progressive neointimal expansion, such that TF inhibition limits the
neointima to a single layer of cells by day 28 post-injury. The aim of this study
was to determine pathophysiological mediators downstream of TF that contribute to
myofibrocyte-orchestrated IH. We first show that myofibrocytes make up a
significant component of the neointima 28?days following injury. Using a
previously defined adoptive transfer model, we then show that CD31+ myofibrocytes
get recruited early to the site of injury; this model allows manipulations of the
adoptively transferred cells to study how IH develops. Having confirmed that
inhibition of TF on adoptively transferred cells prevents IH, we then show that
TF, primarily through the generation of thrombin, induces secretion of
angiopoietin-2 by myofibrocytes and this directly stimulates proliferation,
inhibits apoptosis, and induces CXCL-12 production by neointimal cells, including
non-fibrocytes, all of which promote progressive IH in vivo. Prior incubation to
inhibit angiopoietin-2 secretion by or block TIE-2 signaling on adoptively
transferred fibrocytes inhibits IH. These novel data indicate that angiopoietin-2
production by early recruited myofibrocytes critically influences the development
of IH after vascular injury and suggest new therapeutic avenues for exploration.