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2018 ; 9
(ä): 1518
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Glycyrrhizin Protects Mice Against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by
Inhibiting High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Expression and Neuronal HMGB1
Release
#MMPMID30013568
Sun Y
; Chen H
; Dai J
; Wan Z
; Xiong P
; Xu Y
; Han Z
; Chai W
; Gong F
; Zheng F
Front Immunol
2018[]; 9
(ä): 1518
PMID30013568
show ga
The inflammatory mediator high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) plays a critical role
in the pathogenesis of human multiple sclerosis (MS) and mouse experimental
autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Glycyrrhizin (GL), a glycoconjugated
triterpene extracted from licorice root, has the ability to inhibit the functions
of HMGB1; however, GL's function against EAE has not been thoroughly
characterized to date. To determine the benefit of GL as a modulator of
neuroinflammation, we used an in vivo study to examine GL's effect on EAE along
with primary cultured cortical neurons to study the GL effect on HMGB1 release.
Treatment of EAE mice with GL from onset to the peak stage of disease resulted in
marked attenuation of EAE severity, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and
demyelination, decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), IFN-?, IL-17A,
IL-6, and transforming growth factor-beta 1, and increased IL-4 both in serum and
spinal cord homogenate. Moreover, HMGB1 levels in different body fluids were
reduced, accompanied by a decrease in neuronal damage, activated astrocytes and
microglia, as well as HMGB1-positive astrocytes and microglia. GL significantly
reversed HMGB1 release into the medium induced by TNF-? stimulation in primary
cultured cortical neurons. Taken together, the results indicate that GL has a
strong neuroprotective effect on EAE mice by reducing HMGB1 expression and
release and thus can be used to treat central nervous system inflammatory
diseases, such as MS.