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2018 ; 18
(1
): 96
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Clinical characteristics and short-term prognosis of LGI1 antibody encephalitis:
a retrospective case study
#MMPMID29980179
Li W
; Wu S
; Meng Q
; Zhang X
; Guo Y
; Cong L
; Cong S
; Zheng D
BMC Neurol
2018[Jul]; 18
(1
): 96
PMID29980179
show ga
BACKGROUND: Recently, most reports of Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1)
antibody encephalitis are from Europe and the US, while the short term outcome
and clinical characteristics of Chinese patients are rarely reported,we study the
clinical manifestations, laboratory results and brain magnetic resonance images
(MRI) of eight patients who were recently diagnosed with LGI1 antibody
encephalitis in our hospital to improve the awareness and knowledge of this
disease. METHODS: Eight patients (five males and three females; mean age, 63.4)
with LGI1 antibody encephalitis who were diagnosed and treated in the Department
of Neurology of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from September
2016 to June 2017 were recruited for the current study. Their general
information, clinical manifestations, treatment regimens, and short-term
prognoses were retrospectively analyzed, as were the results from MRI and
laboratory findings. RESULTS: Overall, patient symptoms included cognitive
impairment, which manifested primarily as memory deficits (8/8), seizures
(including faciobrachial dystonic seizure, (FBDS)) (8/8), psychiatric and
behavioral disorders (7/8), sleep disorders (4/8), and autonomic abnormalities
(3/8). Five patients also had abnormal findings on brain MRI, mainly involving
the hippocampus, basal ganglia and insula. Hyponatremia occurred in six cases.
All patients tested positive for LGI1 antibodies in their serum/cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF)and patients were negative for tumors. Symptoms rapidly improved after
treatment with immunoglobulin and/or steroid therapy. The patients were followed
up for 4-13 months after discharge, and two patients relapsed. CONCLUSION:
Primary symptoms of LGI1 antibody encephalitis include memory impairments,
seizures, FBDS, and mental and behavioral abnormalities. Increased titers of LGI1
antibodies are also present in the serum/CSF of patients. Patients often have
hyponatremia, and MRIs show abnormalities in various brain regions. Finally,
immunotherapy shows good efficacy and positive benefits, although patients may
relapse in the short-term.
|Adult
[MESH]
|Aged
[MESH]
|Autoantibodies/immunology
[MESH]
|Autoantigens/immunology
[MESH]
|China
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
[MESH]