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2018 ; 131
(13
): 1520-1526
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Clinical Relevance of Autoantibodies against Interleukin-2 in Patients with
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
#MMPMID29941704
Shao M
; Sun XL
; Sun H
; He J
; Zhang RJ
; Zhang X
; Li ZG
Chin Med J (Engl)
2018[Jul]; 131
(13
): 1520-1526
PMID29941704
show ga
BACKGROUND: Increased serum autoantibodies against interleukin-2 (anti-IL-2
autoantibodies) were reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
and in patients receiving IL-2 therapy. This study aimed to explore the clinical
relevance of serum anti-IL-2 autoantibodies and the interactions between low-dose
IL-2 therapy and serum anti-IL-2 autoantibodies. METHODS: Serum samples were
collected from 152 SLE patients and 100 age- and gender-matched healthy controls
(HCs). Among them, 75 SLE patients were followed up for 10 weeks, and all of them
were treated with corticosteroids, antimalarials, and/or immunosuppressants.
Forty-six out of the 75 SLE patients received low-dose IL-2 therapy additionally.
Clinical and laboratory parameters were collected at baseline and week 10. Serum
anti-IL-2 autoantibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: Compared with HCs, median levels and positive rates of serum anti-IL-2
autoantibodies were higher in SLE patients (32.58 [23.63, 45.23] arbitrary unit
[AU] vs. 37.54 [27.88, 60.74] AU, P = 0.006, and 5.0% vs. 18.4%, P = 0.002,
respectively). Compared to those without the corresponding disorders, serum
anti-IL-2 autoantibody was increased in patients with alopecia (49.79 [36.06,
64.95] AU vs. 35.06 [25.40, 58.46] AU, P = 0.033), but it was decreased in those
with lupus nephritis (31.71 [22.60, 43.25] AU vs. 44.15 [31.43, 68.52] AU, P =
0.001). Moreover, serum anti-IL-2 autoantibody was positively correlated with
serum IgA (r = 0.229, P = 0.005), total IgG (r = 0.327, P < 0.001), and total IgM
(r = 0.164, P = 0.050). Treatment with exogenous IL-2 was not significantly
associated with serum anti-IL-2 autoantibody. In addition, no significant
difference was found in serum anti-IL-2 autoantibody between responders and
nonresponders to low-dose IL-2 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Serum anti-IL-2 autoantibody
was increased and associated with disease severity in SLE. Exogenous low-dose
IL-2 did not significantly induce anti-IL-2 autoantibody production.