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2018 ; 362
(ä): k2505
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Risks and benefits of direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in a real world
setting: cohort study in primary care
#MMPMID29973392
Vinogradova Y
; Coupland C
; Hill T
; Hippisley-Cox J
BMJ
2018[Jul]; 362
(ä): k2505
PMID29973392
show ga
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between direct oral anticoagulants
(DOACs) and risks of bleeding, ischaemic stroke, venous thromboembolism, and all
cause mortality compared with warfarin. DESIGN: Prospective open cohort study.
SETTING: UK general practices contributing to QResearch or Clinical Practice
Research Datalink. PARTICIPANTS: 132?231 warfarin, 7744 dabigatran, 37?863
rivaroxaban, and 18?223 apixaban users without anticoagulant prescriptions for 12
months before study entry, subgrouped into 103?270 patients with atrial
fibrillation and 92?791 without atrial fibrillation between 2011 and 2016. MAIN
OUTCOME MEASURES: Major bleeding leading to hospital admission or death. Specific
sites of bleeding and all cause mortality were also studied. RESULTS: In patients
with atrial fibrillation, compared with warfarin, apixaban was associated with a
decreased risk of major bleeding (adjusted hazard ratio 0.66, 95% confidence
interval 0.54 to 0.79) and intracranial bleeding (0.40, 0.25 to 0.64); dabigatran
was associated with a decreased risk of intracranial bleeding (0.45, 0.26 to
0.77). An increased risk of all cause mortality was observed in patients taking
rivaroxaban (1.19, 1.09 to 1.29) or on lower doses of apixaban (1.27, 1.12 to
1.45). In patients without atrial fibrillation, compared with warfarin, apixaban
was associated with a decreased risk of major bleeding (0.60, 0.46 to 0.79), any
gastrointestinal bleeding (0.55, 0.37 to 0.83), and upper gastrointestinal
bleeding (0.55, 0.36 to 0.83); rivaroxaban was associated with a decreased risk
of intracranial bleeding (0.54, 0.35 to 0.82). Increased risk of all cause
mortality was observed in patients taking rivaroxaban (1.51, 1.38 to 1.66) and
those on lower doses of apixaban (1.34, 1.13 to 1.58). CONCLUSIONS: Overall,
apixaban was found to be the safest drug, with reduced risks of major,
intracranial, and gastrointestinal bleeding compared with warfarin. Rivaroxaban
and low dose apixaban were, however, associated with increased risks of all cause
mortality compared with warfarin.