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2018 ; 13
(6
): e0199421
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Interventions to reduce risk for sexually transmitted infections in adolescents:
A meta-analysis of trials, 2008-2016
#MMPMID29953546
Morales A
; Espada JP
; Orgilés M
; Escribano S
; Johnson BT
; Lightfoot M
PLoS One
2018[]; 13
(6
): e0199421
PMID29953546
show ga
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have evaluated the efficacy of interventions to
reduce risk for sexually transmitted infections in adolescents in recent years,
but their global effects remain unknown since 2008, the last date of a
comprehensive review of prior studies. AIMS: This study aims at evaluating the
efficacy of interventions to promote sexual health, reduce STIs and unplanned
pregnancies targeted to adolescents available after 2008; and analyzing the
moderators of their global efficacy. METHODS: We searched electronic databases
and manual searches of some journals focused on STIs in May 2016. The studies
evaluated the efficacy of interventions to reduce sexual risk in adolescents (age
range: 11-19) anywhere in the world. Effect size of the relevant outcomes for
sexual risk was calculated for every study. Analyses incorporated random-effect
assumptions for each outcome. The homogeneity in the results was examined with
the I2 statistic and its associated 95% confident interval. RESULTS: Data from 63
studies (59,795 participants) were analyzed for behavioral and non-behavioral
outcomes. In the short term, interventions had a positive impact in sexual
health-related knowledge (Hedges'g = 1.01), attitudes (g = 0.29), self-efficacy
toward condom use (g = 0.22), intention to refuse sex (g = 0.56), condom use
intention (g = 0.46), and condom use (g = 0.38). In the medium term, positive
effects observed at the short-term were maintained, although effect size
significantly decreased in all variables. In the long term, interventions
improved condom use (g = 0.47). Moderators of the efficacy are discussed.
CONCLUSIONS: Sexual health promotion interventions are effective to promote
sexual health through increasing condom use. Effects on non-behavioral variables
tend to decrease over time, while condom use increased in the long-term.
Interventions should focus on the long-term efficacy, especially in behavioral
and biological measures.
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Adult
[MESH]
|Age Factors
[MESH]
|Child
[MESH]
|Clinical Trials as Topic
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|History, 21st Century
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Male
[MESH]
|Outcome Assessment, Health Care
[MESH]
|Publication Bias
[MESH]
|Risk Assessment
[MESH]
|Risk Factors
[MESH]
|Sexually Transmitted Diseases/*epidemiology/history/prevention & control
[MESH]