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Genome, transcriptome and proteome: the rise of omics data and their integration
in biomedical sciences
#MMPMID27881428
Manzoni C
; Kia DA
; Vandrovcova J
; Hardy J
; Wood NW
; Lewis PA
; Ferrari R
Brief Bioinform
2018[Mar]; 19
(2
): 286-302
PMID27881428
show ga
Advances in the technologies and informatics used to generate and process large
biological data sets (omics data) are promoting a critical shift in the study of
biomedical sciences. While genomics, transcriptomics and proteinomics, coupled
with bioinformatics and biostatistics, are gaining momentum, they are still, for
the most part, assessed individually with distinct approaches generating
monothematic rather than integrated knowledge. As other areas of biomedical
sciences, including metabolomics, epigenomics and pharmacogenomics, are moving
towards the omics scale, we are witnessing the rise of inter-disciplinary data
integration strategies to support a better understanding of biological systems
and eventually the development of successful precision medicine. This review cuts
across the boundaries between genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics,
summarizing how omics data are generated, analysed and shared, and provides an
overview of the current strengths and weaknesses of this global approach. This
work intends to target students and researchers seeking knowledge outside of
their field of expertise and fosters a leap from the reductionist to the
global-integrative analytical approach in research.