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Hundreds of novel composite genes and chimeric genes with bacterial origins
contributed to haloarchaeal evolution
#MMPMID29880023
Méheust R
; Watson AK
; Lapointe FJ
; Papke RT
; Lopez P
; Bapteste E
Genome Biol
2018[Jun]; 19
(1
): 75
PMID29880023
show ga
BACKGROUND: Haloarchaea, a major group of archaea, are able to metabolize sugars
and to live in oxygenated salty environments. Their physiology and lifestyle
strongly contrast with that of their archaeal ancestors. Amino acid
optimizations, which lowered the isoelectric point of haloarchaeal proteins, and
abundant lateral gene transfers from bacteria have been invoked to explain this
deep evolutionary transition. We use network analyses to show that the evolution
of novel genes exclusive to Haloarchaea also contributed to the evolution of this
group. RESULTS: We report the creation of 320 novel composite genes, both early
in the evolution of Haloarchaea during haloarchaeal genesis and later in diverged
haloarchaeal groups. One hundred and twenty-six of these novel composite genes
derived from genetic material from bacterial genomes. These latter genes, largely
involved in metabolic functions but also in oxygenic lifestyle, constitute a
different gene pool from the laterally acquired bacterial genes formerly
identified. These novel composite genes were likely advantageous for their hosts,
since they show significant residence times in haloarchaeal genomes-consistent
with a long phylogenetic history involving vertical descent and lateral gene
transfer-and encode proteins with optimized isoelectric points. CONCLUSIONS:
Overall, our work encourages a systematic search for composite genes across all
archaeal major groups, in order to better understand the origins of novel
prokaryotic genes, and in order to test to what extent archaea might have
adjusted their lifestyles by incorporating and recycling laterally acquired
bacterial genetic fragments into new archaeal genes.
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