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10.1089/ast.2017.1730 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1089/ast.2017.1730 C5962913!5962913!29283671     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Astrobiology 2018 ; 18 (5): 481-90 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29283671|t=2018. Photobiological Effects at Earth s Surface Following a 50?pc Supernova |pdf=|usr=}}{{29283671}} gab.com Text Photobiological Effects at Earth s Surface Following a 50 pc Supernova JO: Astrobiology http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29283671 #FOAvip We investigated the potential biological impacts at Earth's surface of stratospheric O3 depletion caused by nearby supernovae known to have occurred about 2.5 and 8 million years ago at about 50?pc distance. New and previously published atmospheric chemistry modeling results were combined with radiative transfer modeling to determine changes in surface-level solar irradiance and biological responses. We find that UVB irradiance is increased by a factor of 1.1 to 2.8, with large variation in latitude, and seasonally at high-latitude regions. Changes in UVA and PAR (visible light) are much smaller. DNA damage (in vitro) is increased by factors similar to UVB, while other biological impacts (erythema, skin cancer, cataracts, marine phytoplankton photosynthesis inhibition, and plant damage) are increased by smaller amounts. We conclude that biological impacts due to increased UV irradiance in this SN case are not mass-extinction level but might be expected to contribute to changes in species abundances; this result fits well with species turnover observed around the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. Key Words: UV radiation?Supernovae?Ozone?Radiative transfer. Astrobiology 18, 481?490. Twit Text FOAVip Photobiological Effects at Earth s Surface Following a 50 pc Supernova ????Astrobiology http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29283671 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29283671 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29283671}}</ref> Photobiological Effects at Earth s Surface Following a 50?pc Supernova #MMPMID29283671 Thomas BC Astrobiology 2018[May]; 18 (5): 481-90 PMID29283671show ga We investigated the potential biological impacts at Earth's surface of stratospheric O3 depletion caused by nearby supernovae known to have occurred about 2.5 and 8 million years ago at about 50?pc distance. New and previously published atmospheric chemistry modeling results were combined with radiative transfer modeling to determine changes in surface-level solar irradiance and biological responses. We find that UVB irradiance is increased by a factor of 1.1 to 2.8, with large variation in latitude, and seasonally at high-latitude regions. Changes in UVA and PAR (visible light) are much smaller. DNA damage (in vitro) is increased by factors similar to UVB, while other biological impacts (erythema, skin cancer, cataracts, marine phytoplankton photosynthesis inhibition, and plant damage) are increased by smaller amounts. We conclude that biological impacts due to increased UV irradiance in this SN case are not mass-extinction level but might be expected to contribute to changes in species abundances; this result fits well with species turnover observed around the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. Key Words: UV radiation?Supernovae?Ozone?Radiative transfer. Astrobiology 18, 481?490. äPhotobiological Effects at Earth s Surface Following a 50?pc Supernova(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing