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Reward Processing, Neuroeconomics, and Psychopathology #MMPMID28301764
Zald DH; Treadway M
Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2017[May]; 13 (ä): 471-95 PMID28301764show ga
Abnormal reward processing is a prominent transdiagnostic feature of psychopathology. The present review provides a framework for considering the different aspects of reward processing and their assessment and highlight recent insights from the field of neuroeconomics that may aid in understanding these processes. Although altered reward processing in psychopathology has often been treated as a general hypo- or hyper-responsivity to reward, increasing data indicate that a comprehensive understanding of reward dysfunction requires characterization within more specific reward processing domains, including subjective valuation, discounting, hedonics, reward anticipation and facilitation, and reinforcement learning. As such, more nuanced models of the nature of these abnormalities are needed. We describe several processing abnormalities capable of producing the types of selective alterations in reward related behavior observed in different forms of psychopathology, including (mal)adaptive scaling and anchoring, dysfunctional weighting of reward and cost variables, completion between valuation systems, and positive prediction error signaling.