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2018 ; 8
(1
): 7801
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AICAR inhibits NF?B DNA binding independently of AMPK to attenuate LPS-triggered
inflammatory responses in human macrophages
#MMPMID29773845
Kirchner J
; Brüne B
; Namgaladze D
Sci Rep
2018[May]; 8
(1
): 7801
PMID29773845
show ga
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-?-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) is an established
pharmacological activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Both, AICAR and
AMPK were reported to attenuate inflammation. However, AICAR is known for many
AMPK-independent effects, although the mechanisms remain incompletely understood.
Here we report a potent suppression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced
inflammatory gene expression by AICAR in primary human macrophages, which
occurred independently of its conversion to AMPK-activating
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-?-D-ribofuranosyl monophosphate. Although AICAR
did not interfere with activation of cytosolic signalling cascades and nuclear
translocation of nuclear factor - ?B (NF?B) by LPS, it prevented the recruitment
of NF?B and RNA polymerase II to target gene promoters. AICAR also inhibited
signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-dependent induction of
interleukin (IL) IL-6 and IL-10 targets, while leaving STAT6 and HIF1?-dependent
gene expression in IL-4 and dimethyloxalylgylcine-treated macrophages intact.
This points to a transcription factor-specific mode of action. Attenuated gene
expression correlated with impaired NF?B and STAT3, but not HIF-binding in
electrophoretic mobility shift assays in vitro. Conclusively, AICAR interferes
with DNA binding of NF?B and STAT3 to modulate inflammatory responses.