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2018 ; 12
(1
): 129
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Acute blindness as a presenting sign of childhood endemic Burkitt s lymphoma in
Cameroon: a case report
#MMPMID29764474
Vofo BN
; Ngankam GVF
; Ngwasiri CA
; Atem JA
; Aminde LN
J Med Case Rep
2018[May]; 12
(1
): 129
PMID29764474
show ga
BACKGROUND: Endemic Burkitt's lymphoma is found predominantly in malaria
holoendemic zones, typically in the tropical rain forest of Africa. It usually
presents as an extra-nodal tumour in children and young adults with predilection
for jaws and soft tissues of the abdomen. Clinical features depend on the primary
tumour site, extent of the disease and histologic subtype. Acute blindness as a
presentation sign is rare. CASE PRESENTATION: A 13 year old African female
presented to our facility with a 3 week history of painful abdominal distention,
and loss of vision of the left eye. On examination, there was a huge
abdominopelvic mass, left breast mass and complete blindness of the left eye
associated with mydriatic pupils non-responsive to light. An abdominal ultrasound
showed a huge hypoechoic mass arising from the pelvis and protruding into the
abdomen. The jaws, teeth and maxilla were all normal. A fine needle aspiration
done was negative for malignant cells. A presumptive diagnosis of Burkitt's
lymphoma was made on clinical grounds and abdominal ultrasound findings. The
patient was immediately placed on chemotherapy and responded well to treatment
with remission of the tumour but persistence of left eye blindness. CONCLUSION:
Acute blindness can be the presenting sign of Burkitt's lymphoma in a patient
with neither jaw nor maxillary swelling. Primary healthcare providers in low
income settings require a high index of suspicion when faced with such atypical
presentations. This emphasizes the need for thorough physical examination, and
when possible, the clinical utility of ultrasonography for suspicious abdominal
masses in the absence of state-of the art diagnostic tools for early diagnosis
and treatment, which is critical for survival and to improve quality of life.