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2018 ; 19
(1
): 112
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Full normalization of severe hypertension after parathryoidectomy - a case report
and systematic review
#MMPMID29751781
Sofronie AC
; Kooij I
; Bursot C
; Santagati G
; Coindre JP
; Piccoli GB
BMC Nephrol
2018[May]; 19
(1
): 112
PMID29751781
show ga
BACKGROUND: Although the relationship between hyperparathyroidism and
hypertension has been described for decades, the role of hyperparathyroidism in
hypertension in dialysis is still unclear. Following the case of a severely
hypertensive dialysis patient, in which parathyroidectomy (PTX) corrected the
metabolic imbalance and normalized blood pressure (BP), we tried to contextualize
our observation with a systematic review of the recent literature on the effect
of PTX on BP. CASE PRESENTATION: A dialysis patient, aged 19 years at the time of
this report, with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from childhood; he was an
early-preterm baby with very low birth weight (910 g), and is affected by a
so-far unidentified familial nephropathy. He started dialysis in emergency at the
age of 17. Except for low-dose Bisoprolol, he refused all chronic medication;
hypertension (165-200/90-130 mmHg) did not respond to attainment of dry weight
(Kt/V?>?1.7; BNP 70-200 pg/ml pre-dialysis). He underwent subtotal PTX 1 year
after dialysis start; after PTX, his blood pressure stabilized in the
100-140/50-80 range, and is normal without treatment 5 months later. CONCLUSION:
Our patient has some peculiar features: he is young, has a non-immunologic
disease, poor compliance to drug therapy, excellent dialysis efficiency. His lack
of compliance allows observing the effect of PTX on BP without pharmacologic
interference. The prompt, complete and long-lasting BP normalization led us to
systematic review the current literature (Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Collaboration
2000-2016) retrieving 8 case series (194 cases), and one case report (3
patients). The meta-analysis showed a significant, albeit moderate, improvement
in BP after PTX (difference: systolic BP -8.49 (CI 2.21-14.58) mmHg; diastolic BP
-4.14 (CI 1.45-6.84) mmHg); analysis is not fully conclusive due to lack of
information on anti-hypertensive agents. The 3 cases reported displayed a sharp
reduction in BP after PTX. In summary, PTX may have a positive influence on BP
control, and may result in complete correction or even hypotension in some
patients. The potential clinical relevance of this relationship warrants
prospective large-scale studies.