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10.1371/journal.ppat.1006997 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006997 C5944922!5944922!29746563     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       PLoS+Pathog 2018 ; 14 (5): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29746563|t=2018. Ancient genomes reveal a high diversity of Mycobacterium leprae in medieval Europe |pdf=|usr=}}{{29746563}} gab.com Text Ancient genomes reveal a high diversity of Mycobacterium leprae in medieval Europe JO: PLoS Pathog http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29746563 #FOAvip Studying ancient DNA allows us to retrace the evolutionary history of human pathogens, such as Mycobacterium leprae, the main causative agent of leprosy. Leprosy is one of the oldest recorded and most stigmatizing diseases in human history. The disease was prevalent in Europe until the 16th century and is still endemic in many countries with over 200,000 new cases reported annually. Previous worldwide studies on modern and European medieval M. leprae genomes revealed that they cluster into several distinct branches of which two were present in medieval Northwestern Europe. In this study, we analyzed 10 new medieval M. leprae genomes including the so far oldest M. leprae genome from one of the earliest known cases of leprosy in the United Kingdom?a skeleton from the Great Chesterford cemetery with a calibrated age of 415?545 C.E. This dataset provides a genetic time transect of M. leprae diversity in Europe over the past 1500 years. We find M. leprae strains from four distinct branches to be present in the Early Medieval Period, and strains from three different branches were detected within a single cemetery from the High Medieval Period. Altogether these findings suggest a higher genetic diversity of M. leprae strains in medieval Europe at various time points than previously assumed. The resulting more complex picture of the past phylogeography of leprosy in Europe impacts current phylogeographical models of M. leprae dissemination. It suggests alternative models for the past spread of leprosy such as a wide spread prevalence of strains from different branches in Eurasia already in Antiquity or maybe even an origin in Western Eurasia. Furthermore, these results highlight how studying ancient M. leprae strains improves understanding the history of leprosy worldwide. Twit Text FOAVip Ancient genomes reveal a high diversity of Mycobacterium leprae in medieval Europe ????PLoS Pathog http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29746563 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29746563 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29746563}}</ref> Ancient genomes reveal a high diversity of Mycobacterium leprae in medieval Europe #MMPMID29746563 Schuenemann VJ; Avanzi C; Krause-Kyora B; Seitz A; Herbig A; Inskip S; Bonazzi M; Reiter E; Urban C; Dangvard Pedersen D; Taylor GM; Singh P; Stewart GR; Velemínský P; Likovsky J; Marcsik A; Molnár E; Pálfi G; Mariotti V; Riga A; Belcastro MG; Boldsen JL; Nebel A; Mays S; Donoghue HD; Zakrzewski S; Benjak A; Nieselt K; Cole ST; Krause J PLoS Pathog 2018[May]; 14 (5): ä PMID29746563show ga Studying ancient DNA allows us to retrace the evolutionary history of human pathogens, such as Mycobacterium leprae, the main causative agent of leprosy. Leprosy is one of the oldest recorded and most stigmatizing diseases in human history. The disease was prevalent in Europe until the 16th century and is still endemic in many countries with over 200,000 new cases reported annually. Previous worldwide studies on modern and European medieval M. leprae genomes revealed that they cluster into several distinct branches of which two were present in medieval Northwestern Europe. In this study, we analyzed 10 new medieval M. leprae genomes including the so far oldest M. leprae genome from one of the earliest known cases of leprosy in the United Kingdom?a skeleton from the Great Chesterford cemetery with a calibrated age of 415?545 C.E. This dataset provides a genetic time transect of M. leprae diversity in Europe over the past 1500 years. We find M. leprae strains from four distinct branches to be present in the Early Medieval Period, and strains from three different branches were detected within a single cemetery from the High Medieval Period. Altogether these findings suggest a higher genetic diversity of M. leprae strains in medieval Europe at various time points than previously assumed. The resulting more complex picture of the past phylogeography of leprosy in Europe impacts current phylogeographical models of M. leprae dissemination. It suggests alternative models for the past spread of leprosy such as a wide spread prevalence of strains from different branches in Eurasia already in Antiquity or maybe even an origin in Western Eurasia. Furthermore, these results highlight how studying ancient M. leprae strains improves understanding the history of leprosy worldwide. äAncient genomes reveal a high diversity of Mycobacterium leprae in med(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing