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10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00084 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00084 C5943498!5943498!29773982     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Front+Behav+Neurosci 2018 ; 12 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29773982|t=2018. Training Rats Using Water Rewards Without Water Restriction |pdf=|usr=}}{{29773982}} gab.com Text Training Rats Using Water Rewards Without Water Restriction JO: Front Behav Neurosci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29773982 #FOAvip High-throughput behavioral training of rodents has been a transformative development for systems neuroscience. Water or food restriction is typically required to motivate task engagement. We hypothesized a gap between physiological water need and hedonic water satiety that could be leveraged to train rats for water rewards without water restriction. We show that when Citric Acid (CA) is added to water, female rats drink less, yet consume enough to maintain long term health. With 24 h/day access to a visual task with water rewards, rats with ad lib CA water performed 84% ± 18% as many trials as in the same task under water restriction. In 2-h daily sessions, rats with ad lib CA water performed 68% ± 13% as many trials as under water restriction. Using reward sizes <25 ?l, rats with ad lib CA performed 804 ± 285 trials/day in live-in sessions or 364 ± 82 trials/day in limited duration daily sessions. The safety of CA water amendment was previously shown for male rats, and the gap between water need and satiety was similar to what we observed in females. Therefore, it is likely that this method will generalize to male rats, though this remains to be shown. We conclude that at least in some contexts rats can be trained using water rewards without water restriction, benefitting both animal welfare and scientific productivity. Twit Text FOAVip Training Rats Using Water Rewards Without Water Restriction ????Front Behav Neurosci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29773982 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29773982 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29773982}}</ref> Training Rats Using Water Rewards Without Water Restriction #MMPMID29773982 Reinagel P Front Behav Neurosci 2018[]; 12 (ä): ä PMID29773982show ga High-throughput behavioral training of rodents has been a transformative development for systems neuroscience. Water or food restriction is typically required to motivate task engagement. We hypothesized a gap between physiological water need and hedonic water satiety that could be leveraged to train rats for water rewards without water restriction. We show that when Citric Acid (CA) is added to water, female rats drink less, yet consume enough to maintain long term health. With 24 h/day access to a visual task with water rewards, rats with ad lib CA water performed 84% ± 18% as many trials as in the same task under water restriction. In 2-h daily sessions, rats with ad lib CA water performed 68% ± 13% as many trials as under water restriction. Using reward sizes <25 ?l, rats with ad lib CA performed 804 ± 285 trials/day in live-in sessions or 364 ± 82 trials/day in limited duration daily sessions. The safety of CA water amendment was previously shown for male rats, and the gap between water need and satiety was similar to what we observed in females. Therefore, it is likely that this method will generalize to male rats, though this remains to be shown. We conclude that at least in some contexts rats can be trained using water rewards without water restriction, benefitting both animal welfare and scientific productivity. äTraining Rats Using Water Rewards Without Water Restriction (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing