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2018 ; 9
(30
): 21166-21181
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Metabolic changes associated with metformin potentiates Bcl-2 inhibitor,
Venetoclax, and CDK9 inhibitor, BAY1143572 and reduces viability of lymphoma
cells
#MMPMID29765528
Chukkapalli V
; Gordon LI
; Venugopal P
; Borgia JA
; Karmali R
Oncotarget
2018[Apr]; 9
(30
): 21166-21181
PMID29765528
show ga
Metformin exerts direct anti-tumor effects by activating AMP-activated protein
kinase (AMPK), a major sensor of cellular metabolism in cancer cells. This, in
turn, inhibits pro-survival mTOR signaling. Metformin has also been shown to
disrupt complex 1 of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Here, we
explored the lymphoma specific anti-tumor effects of metformin using Daudi
(Burkitt), SUDHL-4 (germinal center diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; GC DLBCL),
Jeko-1 (Mantle-cell lymphoma; MCL) and KPUM-UH1 (double hit DLBCL) cell lines. We
demonstrated that metformin as a single agent, especially at high concentrations
produced significant reductions in viability and proliferation only in Daudi and
SUDHL-4 cell lines with associated alterations in mitochondrial oxidative and
glycolytic metabolism. As bcl-2 proteins, cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) and
phosphoinositol-3- kinase (PI3K) also influence mitochondrial physiology and
metabolism with clear relevance to the pathogenesis of lymphoma, we investigated
the potentiating effects of metformin when combined with novel agents Venetoclax
(bcl-2 inhibitor), BAY-1143572 (CDK9 inhibitor) and Idelalisib (p110?- PI3K
inhibitor). Co-treating KPUM-UH1 and SUDHL-4 cells with 10 mM of metformin
resulted in 1.4 fold and 8.8 fold decreases, respectively, in IC-50 values of
Venetoclax. By contrast, 3-fold and 10 fold reduction in IC-50 values of
BAY-1143572 in Daudi and Jeko-1 cells respectively was seen in the presence of 10
mM of metformin. No change in IC-50 value for Idelalisib was observed across cell
lines. These data suggest that although metformin is not a potent single agent,
targeting cancer metabolism with similar but more effective drugs in novel
combination with either bcl-2 or CDK9 inhibitors warrants further exploration.